Abstract Background The synergy between tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection on perceived stigma is not well studied. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of TB/HIV co-infection on perceived stigma in selected hospitals of Oromiya region. Ethiopia. A cross sectional study was conducted from February to April. https://www.parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/hard-wheat-kernels/